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SSH keys are one of the most secure ways to access a web server, since it requires authentication beyond a simple password. While each new Packet server has a root password assigned, it is removed from the customer portal after 24 hours - after which point you’ll need to leverage SSH or need to have added a new root password to the machine.

Generating SSH Keys

Both do support some form of encryption method, RSA out of the box and DSA using an El Gamal. DSA is generally faster in decryption but slower for encryption, with RSA it's the other way round. Again you want decryption to be faster here because one encrypted document might be decrypted many times. Create RSA and DSA Keys for SSH Private and public RSA keys can be generated on Unix based systems (such as Linux and FreeBSD) to provide greater security when logging into a server using SSH. The ssh-keygen command allows you to generate, manage and convert these authentication keys. Generate 4098 Bit Key Generate 4096 Bit DSA Key. RSA is very old and popular asymmetric encryption algorithm. It is used most of the systems by default. There are some alternatives to RSA like DSA. We can not generate 4096 bit DSA keys because it algorithm do not supports. Generate 2048 Bit Key. The default key size for the ssh-keygen is 2048. Oct 05, 2007 ssh-keygen can generate both RSA and DSA keys. RSA keys have a minimum key length of 768 bits and the default length is 2048. When generating new RSA keys you should use at least 2048 bits of key length unless you really have a good reason for using a shorter and less secure key. An SSH key pair can be generated by running the ssh-keygen command, defaulting to 3072-bit RSA (and SHA256) which the ssh-keygen(1) man page says is ' generally considered sufficient ' and should be compatible with virtually all clients and servers. Create RSA and DSA Keys for SSH Private and public RSA keys can be generated on Unix based systems (such as Linux and FreeBSD) to provide greater security when logging into a server using SSH. The ssh-keygen command allows you to generate, manage and convert these authentication keys.

The Mac/Linux WayThis is pretty simple. The first step is to create a key pair on your local machine or your work station. Open a Command line and type:

ssh-keygen -t rsa

Once you have entered the ssh-keygen command, you will go through with these questions.

Rsa And Dsa

Enter file in which to save the key (/home/name/.ssh/id_rsa):

You can use the default name and destination if this is your first ssh key.

Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):

Usually, System Administrators/DevOps do not use passphrase on their keys -- well admit it, one reason we use ssh key is to gain a secure, passwordless login to the server, right?

But if you feel the need of extra layer security, you may go ahead and type in your passphrase.

Once you are done, the key file ending in '.pub' contains the key that you need to upload to Packet Portal. It should go without saying, but we'll say it anyway, do not share your private key (located here /home/yourname/.ssh/<key-name>) with anyone!

Your public SSH key is commonly located here /home/yourname/.ssh/<key-name>.pub and you can display your public SSH key with the following command:

cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

The PuTTY Way (Windows)

First, Download PuTTY. The two binaries you will need are:

PuTTY (the SSH and Telnet client itself)
PuTTYgen (an RSA and DSA key generation utility)

Next, open PuTTYgen.exe which will look like this:

You can change the parameters for your key, even though the default ones are just fine. When you’re ready, click Generate.

In order to create a random key, you will be asked to move the cursor around a small empty area on the window. This randomness is called entropy and is used to create keys in a secure way that cannot be reproduced by others.

After a few seconds, once the keys are ready, you will be presented with this view:

Click the Save private key button, name it whatever you like and choose a secure location to save the key with the extension '.ppk'.

Repeat the same thing after clicking on Save public key. This time, make sure to give it an extension like '.txt', so you can open it later in a regular text editor.

Note! If you open the public key text file you just saved, you will probably see that it contains something that looks like the following:

Why Putty saves it in this format is unclear, but it is not an accepted form of adding the public key.

So, for that reason, you might want to copy whatever the Putty Generator shows on the Public key window and paste it on the document, after deleting everything that was there before.

It should look like: ssh-rsa AAAA...... rsa-key-xxxxxxx

Adding Your Key to the Packet Portal

Once you have generated an SSH key pair you can upload the public key to your account. Via the packet portal, go to 'SSH Keys' on the left-hand side and click 'Add SSH Key' In the lower right-hand corner.

Understanding SSH at Packet: Personal Keys vs Project Keys

When adding a key in the Packet Portal, you can choose to add either Project Key or a Personal Key.

As you can see, a Personal Key will be included on all new machines in the projects that you own, or of which you are a collaborator.

You can also choose to create and manage a key that is specific to a single project (which will be included by default on servers deployed into a particular project). This 2nd option is useful if you don’t want to use a personal key that you leverage in lots of places on a shared box.

Getting Your Key(s) on Your Server(s)

We use our cloud-init service to add all the selected keys (Personal + Project specific + Collaborator) onto each machine at provision time. So as soon as your box is deployed, you can access it via SSH. Nice!

This also means that any keys you (or your collaborators) add via the Packet portal after a server is provisioned won’t be available on the machine automatically. You’ll have to add new keys. Here are a couple of different situations:

Adding New SSH Keys to An Existing Server
Add Your New SSH Key to the Portal:
- Navigate to the SSH Keys section of the Packet portal.
- Add your public SSH key. Note that below the key value area, you will see an option to associate this new key with a specific server. You may also select “all of them” if you have many existing servers. Be sure to select the servers that need this new SSH key!

Now that you that the key is added in portal, you need to force add it to your server(s).

Use our SOS service to login with (root + pw) and manually add the new key on the authorized_keys file.

Logging In Via SSH

Mac/LinuxSSH access on Mac and Linux is straightforward. Simply run the command:

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ssh [email protected]<your_Public IPv4>

WindowsRun the PuTTY.exe binary downloaded earlier go to 'Data' under 'Connection', and add root in the field of the username.

Go to Authentication, under SSH, and click the Browse button, to add the private SSH key created earlier.